Astronomical Observations

Question 1

From its discovery in 1930 up until 2006, Pluto was considered the ninth planet in the Solar System. After the International Astronomical Union revised and solidified the definition of a planet, poor Pluto was demoted to “dwarf planet,” with the discovery of similar icy bodies beyond Neptune. A similar reclassification occurred for Ceres in the 19th Century.

Do you think Pluto should still be designated a planet, or not? What about the other four classified dwarf planets? Consider the IAU definition and the characteristics of both planets and small bodies in the Solar System, and defend your position.

Question 2

Take some time to examine which qualities of a telescope are important for astronomical observations and the effects of the Earth’s atmosphere on astronomical observations. Explain two benefits and two drawbacks each for ground-based observatories and space-based telescopes. Do you believe the balance of pros and cons tips in the favor of ground-based or space-based telescopes?

Question 3

Sir Isaac Newton revolutionized science by defining a set of laws to describe the motion of objects. In a 2 to 3 paragraph essay, describe each of Newton’s laws of motion and explain why each is important in understanding planetary motion.